I've added some features to the PID controller:
Ability to set desired sampling interval in seconds. Use <Ts> under <config>
to set the desired sampling interval of the PID controller.
Example:
<config>
<Ts>0.1</Ts> <!-- desired sampling interval -->
<Kp>-0.05</Kp> <!-- proportional gain -->
<beta>1.0</beta> <!-- input value weighing factor -->
...
...
</config>
Ts defaults to 0.0, so if you don't set it it samples at the highest possible
frequency.
Add an offset to the input variables (input and reference).
Example:
<reference>
<prop>/controls/flight/elevator</prop>
<scale>-1.5</scale>
<offset>1.0</offset>
</reference>
Note that <scale> has higher precedence than <offset>, regardless of the order
that they appear in the config file.
I have made the
'Select Airport from List' option in FlightGear work
(I think) properly. I have some concerns about the
solution, which could be broken by changes to plib (if
they re-use the value I have assigned to
PUCLASS_LIST), but for the moment it seems to work OK.
Erik Hofman:
A request has been sent to John Fay to include the puList
code in the puAux subdirectory of plib so expect some
changes for future version of FlightGear.
RE: --aircraft=ufo in system.fgfsrc is ignored
To change a 'feature', one that has been mentioned here many
times, and again recently, place the following code block
into fgInitFGAircraft.
In its favour, I would argue this means FG can be run without
a command line, provided FG_ROOT has been set in the
environment, and that seems to me, as it should be ... ;=))
Perhaps the only counter, is that system.fgfsrc is read twice,
but so are others, like .fgfsrc, for other (local) options ...
or system.fgfsrc should .nt. be used for 'aircraft' ?
Here's again one of the more obscure bugs that valgrind complains about: somehow
the STL container classes manage to read out values before they were ever set.
This patch fixes that. This may not cause any harm in this case, but valgrind
seems to *always* be right about them.
The following patches to SimGear & FlightGear ...
- create an FGMetar abstraction layer, whose purpose is:
* provide defaults for unset values
* interpolate/randomize data (GREATER_THAN)
* derive additional values (time, age, snow cover)
* consider minimum identifier (CAVOK, mil. color codes)
- add rain/hail/snow/snowcover support on the METAR side
- add max age of METAR data handling (currently set to
- add support for an external METAR cache proxy server
- add CAVOK handling
- set missing year/month in regular METAR messages
- fix a small bug in metar.cxx (wrong return value)
rather than /instrumentation/comm ... we need to be a little careful here
because typically, a single knob controls power to both matched com/nav pairs.
explicit calls to shutdown_all() which was causing this to be called twice.
This could cause problems with some IO modules (such as attempting to close
an invalid file descriptor the second time.)
a seperate explicite call or the io channels will be forced to try to shutdown
twice which could cause problems for some IO modules (i.e. attempting to
close an invalid file descriptor the second time ...)
We should now be able to find
wires or catapults when the ac3d model is loaded without the crease patch
(caused by the much more unstructured scene graph emitted by the old loader).
It should also emit more warnings if the carrier hardware configuration
includes conflicting definitions.
That code is the most intrusive one, it should not be used until you configure
an aircraft carrier as a aimodel. So I think it should be save to apply that
before the release too.
Attached is a patched runways.cxx. This fixes the find runway nearest to a given heading code. This was returning the last runway loaded at a given airport, not the nearest runway to the heading requested (which seems to always be 270deg by default). I have no idea how this has survived unnoticed for so long - I think it might be because you need to start at an airport with a runway near to 27 and one much greater than 27 eg. 36 to really tickle it, otherwise the runway nearest to 27 tends to be the final one loaded anyway. Try starting at KARR with and without the patch and note the surface wind. This should go in before the release.
a single apt.dat.gz file which is in the native X-Plane format.
To do this I wrote a front end loader than builds the airport and runway
list. Some of the changes I needed to make had a cascading effect, so there
are minor naming changes scattered throughout the code.
I have a small update which fixes the algorythm used for marking solid
surfaces for some cases where some branch nodes carry the object names I had
expected in the leaf nodes.
That will also introduce the possibility to mark whole subtrees from the
scenegraph solid.
I still work on getting the YASim models see the detailed environment
especially the carrier.
I have *forgotten* to initialize and to destruct the ground cache object!
Oooopppss!
The attached patch allows to put comments in *.stg files[1]. Lines with
# in the first column (and only there!) are skipped. This has no effect
on overall performance, but has two advantages:
A) possibility to temporarily comment out objects during scenery design,
(or to put other remarks there);
B) possibility to put marks like "# BEGIN" and "# END" there that allow
automated merging of local landmarks etc.
--
[1] actually, comments are possible now, too. But they aren't explicitly
handled and fgfs tries to parse words in "comments" piece by piece. Ugly!
[2] Idea by Chris METZLER, that I make already use of. I have a local
scenery dir for some tiles with extra objects, such as VOR/DME for
all of Austria. These are surrounded by "# BEGIN LOCAL" and "# END LOCAL",
and today I was able to merge the new 0.9.7 scenery with my locally
changed files. :-)
I've finished the emigration of the radiostack, and I've also removed it
completely. It turned out that the comm radio is completely implemented in
the ATC subsystem. I've changed the affected ATC files to point
to /instrumentation/com, but I guess that the maintainer of the ATC code
should decide wether to make it configureable, and how.
I also had to change some files in Network and Main. The changes in network
should be obvious, but the changes in Main were a bit suspect. The files
included radiostack.hxx, but they weren't directly depending on
radiostack-hxx. They were depending on other files that were included by
radiostack.hxx. I got it to compile, but I'm not sure if I included the
correct directly depending file.
For the data directory I changed every occurrence of /radios/
with /instrumentation/ with this simple one-liner that I found on the net:
find -name '*.xml' -type f | xargs perl -pi -e
's/\/radios\//\/instrumentation\//g'
Instead of me sending all the files that got changed by this I suggest that
you execute the one-liner yourself. Of course I can not guarantee that this
will work perfectly, but I considered hand editing to be not an option (I'm
lazy). I don't want to test every aircraft to see if everything still works,
I think it's better to wait and see if anyone complaints about broken nav
radios/instruments.
This is a sub-system which can be added to any carrier.
These files add a functioning Fresnel Lens Optical Landing System (FLOLS).
The orange/red 'source' lights are illuminated according to the position of
the pilot's eye above/below the 3.5 deg glide slope. The apparent position
of the source light relative to the fixed green datum lights allow the pilot
to 'fly the meatball'. The green 'cut' lights flash when the pilot's eye is
below the coverage of the lowest (red) source light.
TODO - add rules for the operation of the wave-off lights.
I understand that the new hud/runway feature is still very experimental,
and that the search criteria for the active runway don't necessarily make
much sense. (We are searching for a runway on /sim/presets/airport-id
that matches the current wind direction best, and not the tuned in ILS
runway or something!)
Anyway: the new hud code completely denies the possibility of
globals->get_runways()->search() not finding a runway and returning false.
There's always a runway found at KSFO, but not so at e.g. LOXL, in which
case we are handing garbage over to sg_geodesy.cxx and find ourselves
caught in an endless loop in geo_direct_wgs_84().
Okay, here's the latest update to the tarffic manager/AI Manager. AITraffic
can now fly multiple routes and be initialized while sitting statically at
airports.
currently just returns a lagged normalized value in the range of 0-1 that
is proportional to N1. It's up to the engine gauge to scale to the right
range. This is for lack of a real model of these items so we can have
something to drive the engine gauges.
I have now split out the ground cache functions into src/FDM/groundcache.[ch]xx
Attached are the two files and the patch to integrate that cache into
FGInterface.
The code is nowhere used at the moment, the fdm's need to be updated to use
that ground cache. The JSBSim-dropin.tar.gz from Martins ftp server does this
for example.
The carrier's scenegraph is not yet processed to be visible for ground
intersection testing. So the only benefit up to now is that the api is set
up. Using this I can put the changes to make JSBSim work with that into
JSBSim's cvs. Also I aim to provide Andy a patch to make use of that with
YASim.
Use a suggested exit method as described in the SDL_Quit man page. (fgOSExit() is still uncalled in both fg_os.cxx (glut) and fg_os_sdl.cxx, which makes these functions kind-of useless.) The other changes are fixes for gcc 3.3.4 warnings.
directory and over to the Instrumentation directory and make them modular
in the sense of being able to pick and choose what you include with any
particular aircraft.
Aaron says:
I just got the virtual runway hud projection working on all views and
2D & 3D HUDs. It is working awesome(see below). I have attached every
file that was modified (hud.hxx, hud.cxx, and the default.xml for the hud)
and every file that was added (hud_rwy.cxx and runwayinstr.xml).
Just a quick overview of how the instrument works.
The virtual runway is projected by getting the "cockpit view" of the
runway in 3D and projecting the points on to the 2D HUD. Therefore, the
virtual runway will be displayed the same in every view. For example,
you can land an aircraft from the "Tower View" by flying the HUD. Also
if you're in "Cockpit View" and it is centered then the virtual runway
lines will perfectly outline the actual runway. I am getting the active
runway via the wind like done in the ATC classes, which may need changed.
Also, I made the assumption the view 0, in view manager, is always the
cockpit view, which may need changed as well.
The runway configuration file will allow you to specify a center offset
(x,y) and a bounding box (width,height). You can also configure the line
stipple pattern for the outside and the center line. For instance, if
you wanted a 0xFAFA pattern, then specify 64250 as the value. If you
want a solid line, you can specify -1 or 65535 (0xFFFF) and zero will
turn the line off. It also draws a runway indication arrow when the
runway is not in the HUD or it can be drawn all the time if arrow_always
is true. The arrow will point in the direction of the runway (2D) by
rotating around the center at a radius of arrow_radius. If you wish to
turn the arrow off, you must set the arrow_scale <=0. The arrow really
should be 3D arrow that points to the runway (or points in the direction
of the aircraft-to-runway vector).
Add some controls required for carrier operations:
/controls/gear/launchbar
should be 1.0 if the launchbar is lowered, that means the aircraft should now
be arrested at the catapult.
/controls/gear/catapult-launch-cmd
Should be set to 1.0 when the aircraft should be launched from tha catapult.
The moving ai models will jump around realtive to the moving aircraft model.
I can see that with the carrier but others have noticed that too with ai
aircraft before.
The reason is that all SGSystems are called with a dt value which is not
necessarily a multiple of 1/hz.
In contrast, most FDM's use the _calc_multiloop function from FGInterface
which forces the time update to be a multiple of 1/hz for the FDM aircraft.
As a result, in the worst case, the FDM aircraft has moved nearly 1/hz seconds
further than the rest of flightgear (1/120sec*300kts that is about 1.3m).
That patch forces the time update to be a multiple of 1/hz.
systems. Fix a couple bugs/oversights.
- atc610x.cxx: Much code has moved into the configurable input mapper
(ATC-Inputs.cxx) and the remaining input massaging code has moved into
the atcsim.nas module.
We have decided that hardcoded initialization of instruments and systems is
bad. So we remove them.
Hardcoded initialization is bad because it can't be overridden from config
files or from the command line. We prefer to do it through config files that
should be, eventually, aircraft specific (*-set.xml), not global
(preferences.xml).
I attach the latest version of Nimitz. The textures have been improved. A glide-path has been added, it is on by default, but can be switched off by means of the properties browser: /ai/models/ship/controls/glide-path. The origin has been adjusted to the turning pivot and approximate roll center.
Modified AiShip files are also attached. These allow the radius of the turning circle of a ship to be input. The turning circle is adjusted for speed and rudder angle. Roll has been corrected so that a ship leans out of a turn, not inwards like an aircraft. The roll angle is adjusted for speed and rudder angle (yes, application of more rudder reduces roll angle - rudders act as stabilizers).
TODO
Add a relative wind calculation so that a carrier can be turned to the appropriate launch and recovery courses.
Add a 'flight plan' so that the carrier can carry out a racetrack for flight ops.
Add a projector landing sight.
Add auto-land facilities.
The caption should already be set when the window is opened. This is
important for some window managers. (KDE's kwin, for example, can store
special settings for certain windows, such as "no border" and "always
on top". KDE uses the window title to determine if a special rule is
to be applied. KDE will be made more tolerant, too.)
Here are files to get automated contrails working. I've set up contrails for
the 737, using my simple, untextured contrail model. Vivian has made another
contrail model, but I'm still trying to get his to work. I'm hoping others
will try to make contrail models also.
Here's some code that defines a top to thermals. When the top of a thermal is
reached the strength is phased-out linearly over the next 100 feet of
altitude. At first I tried just capping the thermal at the top, but the
change in thermal strength was too fast for the FDM to handle well.
Included is a new version of the thermal scenario that includes a top
(height-msl) to the thermal. The default value is 5000 feet.
on the ground) -- this is based on some wild guesses, but it seems
reasonable for now.
The next step will be to give the compass some angular momentum so
that it does not snap instantly to a heading, and so that it can
overshoot a heading and oscillate.
After applying the attached patches (based on latest CVS) you should
have a new option available within your version that should also
show up using fgfs --help, the syntax is:
fgfs --min-status={level} --show-aircraft
whereas "level" can be anything between
"alpha","beta","early-production" and "production"
Of course running something like
fgfs --min-status=alpha --show-aircraft
should not return any aircraft right now, as none of the
current aircraft definition files in your base-package is using the
required
<status></status>
tag - but you can easily give it a try by adding something like
<status>alpha</status>
The tag should be placed as a sub-tag within <sim> - so directly behind
the <description> tag would be just fine and straight-forward.
As a result of recent requests, I've implemented the ability to switch off
aerodynamic stabilisation:
This has to be added to the submodel.xml files:
<aero-stabilised>false</aero-stabilised>
When false the submodel retains the pitch given at instantiation.
It defaults to true.
I've made an encoder and a transponder. The transponder gets C-Mode altitude
information from the encoder. These two might not be very usefull right now,
but I think they might come in handy when the ATC network gets going.
input.cxx allocates memory for js->getNumAxes() axes and for jsCaps.wNumButtons
or MAX_JOYSTICK_BUTTONS buttons per joystick. But it doesn't check if some
xml config defines bindings for more axes/buttons, in which case it writes
to unallocated memory and causes crashes. This is a real world example:
sidewinder-force-feed-pro.xml defines 7 axes, but only newer versions of
this js do actually have that many. Older ones (-> gameport) don't. The patch
drops unused and unusable bindings.
I've added two new debug log types for the instrumentation and systems. They
used to use the autopilot debug log, because I couldn't figure out how to
make new log types. Well, now I have figured it out. ;-)
This will modify menubar.cxx/hxx so that it exports the
entire menubar (from menubar.xml) to the property tree, so that it can
now be changed dynamically using Nasal's setprop() instruction and
afterwards running a newly added fgcommand to update the menubar
based on those changes using the appropriate menubar path within
the property tree.
By default the menubar from menubar.xml will be stored within:
/sim/menubar/default
Erik:
I have moved the loading of menubar.xml into preferences.xml and
made sure that the menubar is destroyed every time a new menubar
is created.
I think I found the problem in props.hxx. I have an exception when copying properties. An alias to a property that has no value trigger this exception. The code that generate that is in AIManager.cxx :
void FGAIAircraft::bind() {
FGAIBase::bind();
props->tie("controls/gear/gear-down",
SGRawValueMethods<FGAIAircraft,bool>(*this,
&FGAIAircraft::_getGearDown));
props->getNode("controls/lighting/landing-lights", true)
->alias("controls/gear/gear-down");
}
controls/gear/gear-down has no value ( _type == NONE ) and controls/lighting/landing-lights is copied somewhere.
Erik:
Frederic's fix was to change props.hxx but he has expressed his doubts.
For now I've commented out the line that causes the problem so we have more
time to look deeper into the problem.
cvs -z4 -q diff -u props.hxx (in directory I:\FlightGear\cvs\SimGear\simgear\props\)
Index: props.hxx
===================================================================
RCS file: /var/cvs/SimGear-0.3/SimGear/simgear/props/props.hxx,v
retrieving revision 1.4
diff -u -r1.4 props.hxx
--- props.hxx 19 Sep 2004 09:08:12 -0000 1.4
+++ props.hxx 21 Oct 2004 07:10:54 -0000
@@ -622,7 +622,7 @@
/**
* Test whether this node contains a primitive leaf value.
*/
- bool hasValue () const { return (_type != NONE); }
+ bool hasValue () const { return (_type != ALIAS && _type != NONE) || (_type == ALIAS && _value.alias->_type != NONE); }
/**
Don't overwrite user settings from config files.
fgfs had in any case set bump-mapping to false, no matter if this
node did already exist (because it was defined in a config file).
compilation without ENABLE_SP_FMDS defined gave me a lot of link errors. It appeared that symbol used by ADA was still in use in the HUD.
There is also a typo from Curt in instrument_mgr.cxx where he #include "kr_87.cxx" instead of "kr_87.hxx"
This is a patch to make display list usage optional. They are on by default.
Use --prop:/sim/rendering/use-display-list=false to use immediate mode.
There is also a change in exception handling in main.cxx and bootstrap.cxx
This is a patch to make display list usage optional. They are on by default.
Use --prop:/sim/rendering/use-display-list=false to use immediate mode.
There is also a change in exception handling in main.cxx and bootstrap.cxx
Instrumentation and systems are now configureable from xml files. The two
generic configurations generic-systems.xml and generic-instrumentation.xml
configures the systems and instrumentation as it was hardcoded. You can
override the generic configurations in a similar way as you override the
autopilot configuration.
I've added some digital filters to the autopilot. They are all low-pass
filters that filter away high frequency signals/noise. There are 4 different
filters:
1. Exponential - The algorithm is essentially the same as the one used in the
fgGetLowPass() function.
2. Double exponential - Two exponential filters in series. This filter has a
"steeper" frequency response curve. It filters "better" than the single
exponential.
3. Moving average - Averages a number of inputs.
4. Noise spike - limits the amount that the output value can change from one
sample to the next.
Filters 1 and 2 are characterised by it's filter-time in seconds. For filter 3
you have to set the number of input samples to average over. For filter 4 you
set the maximum allowed rate of change as [1/s]. Since the sampling interval
(dt) isn't constant we have to calculate the maximum allowed change for every
update.
Example of a double exponential filter with filter time 0.1 seconds, that is
1/0.1 = 10 Hz.
<filter>
<name>pressure-rate-filter</name>
<debug>true</debug>
<type>double-exponential</type>
<input>/autopilot/internal/pressure-rate</input>
<output>/autopilot/internal/filtered-pressure-rate</output>
<filter-time>0.1</filter-time>
</filter>
This would go in the autopilot configuration file.
I've also removed the filtering of the "pressure-rate" helper value, use the
new filters if you want to filter it! ;-)
As I had reported on 2004/8/4 00:02:56 ("yasim + bo105 + vrp + @#%$#@ == argh!")
there must be a bug somewhere in YASim, which is responsible for the Bo105
turning around the FDM origin (nose tip) rather than the CG. Some people assumed
that I was just another victim of the "view offset" illusion, but this wasn't
and isn't the case.
Maik Justus (the rotor man) has now supposedly found the bug in YASim[1].
Look at this code in FDM/YASim/Integrator.cpp:35--66:
erly known as trRenderFrame) is now declared as a NULL function pointer and ass
ignment of the proper function is now done in FlightGear (jpgRenderFrame=FGRend
erer::update).
a working state. I still see an anomoly when taking a screen shot from inside
a 3d cockpit, but external (chase/tower) views seem to work well. I also
added a property to control how many screen-res tiles are generated in the
output. Theoretically, you can now generate unlimited resolution screen shots,
or limited only by your disk space and patience.
Today I successfully generated a 20*1024 x 20*768 (20480x15360) resolution
screen shot. If you rendered that at 100 dpi it would cover a poster of
about 17 feet by 12.8 feet.
Good luck trying to display something that big or convert it to anything
useful on a typical PC. :-)
automatically generate config.h-msvc6 with the right version number.
This way Curt will pack the right file because it will be
generated every time he will do 'configure'.
split). If SimGear is configured --with-jpeg-factory, then FlightGear
will fail to build unless this function is present.
FIXME: this is very messy architecturally -- find a better solution,
like passing this explicitly as a callback to the libJPEG class
(SimGear should not have a dependency on FlightGear).
I've made appropriate changes to Readme.submodels to reflect the
variation of Cd with Mach number.
Spitfire.submodel has been changed to use the variation of Cd with Mach
number
Submodel.cxx has been changed so that the default value of Cd is the
subsonic Cd of a non-boat tailed bullet.
