284 lines
11 KiB
TeX
284 lines
11 KiB
TeX
%%
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%% getstart.tex -- Flight Gear documentation: Installation and Getting Started
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%% Chapter file
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%%
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%% Written by Michael Basler % Bernhard Buckel, starting September 1998.
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%%
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%% Copyright (C) 1999 Michael Basler (pmb@knUUt.de)
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%% & Bernhard Buckel (buckel@wmad95.mathematik.uni-wuerzburg.de)
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%%
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%% This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
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%% modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
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%% published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
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%% License, or (at your option) any later version.
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%%
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%% This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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%% WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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%% MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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%% General Public License for more details.
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%%
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%% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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%% along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
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%% Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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%%
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%% $Id: getstart.tex,v 0.12 1999/03/07 michael
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\chapter{Building the plane: Compiling\index{compiling} the program\label{building}}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\markboth{\thechapter.\hspace*{1mm} BUILDING THE
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PLANE}{\thesection\hspace*{1mm} COMPILING UNDER LINUX}
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This major chapter describes how to build \FlightGear on several systems. In case you are
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on a Win32 (i.\,e. Windows 98 or Windows NT) platform you may not want to go though that
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potentially troublesome process but instead skip that chapter and straightly go to the
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next one. (Not everyone wants to build his or her plane himself or herself, right?)
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However, there may be good reason at least to try building the simulator:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item In case you are on a \Index{UNIX}/\Index{Linux} platform there may be no
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pre-compiled binaries\index{binaries, pre-compiled} available for your system. We do not
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see any reason why the distribution of pre-compiled binaries (with statically linked
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libraries) should not be possible for \Index{UNIX} systems in principle as well, but in
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practice it is common to install programs like this one on \Index{UNIX} systems by
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recompiling them.
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\item There are several options you can set only during
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compile time. One such option is the decision to compile with
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hardware or software \Index{OpenGL} rendering enabled. A more
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complete list goes beyond this \textit{Installation and Getting
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Started} and should be included in a future
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\textit{\Index{\FlightGear Programmer's Guide}}.
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\item You may be proud you did.
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\end{itemize}
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As you will note, this chapter is far from being complete. Basically, we describe
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compiling for two operating systems only, \Index{Windows 98/NT} and \Index{Linux}. There
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is a simple explanation for this: These are just the systems we are working on. We hope
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to be able to provide descriptions for more systems based on contributions written by
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others.
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\section{Compiling\index{compiling!Linux} under \Index{Linux}}
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If you are running Linux you probably have to build your own
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\Index{binaries}. The following is one way to do so.
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item Get the file \texttt{FlightGear-x.xx.tar.gz} from the
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\texttt{source} subdirectory under
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\web{http://www.flightgear.org/Downloads/}
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\noindent
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\item Unpack it using :
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\texttt{tar xvfz FlightGear-x.xx.tar.gz}.
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\item \texttt{cd} into \texttt{FlightGear-x.xx}. Run:
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\texttt{./configure}
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\noindent
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and wait a few minutes. \Index{configure} knows about a lot of
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options. Have a look at the file \texttt{INSTALL} in the
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\FlightGear source directory to learn about them. If run without
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options, configure assumes that you will install the data files
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under \texttt{/usr/local/lib/FlightGear}.
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\item Assuming configure finished successfully, simply run
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\texttt{make}
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\noindent
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and wait for the make process to finish.
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\item Now become root (for example by using the su command) and
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type
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\texttt{make install}.
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\noindent
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This will install the \Index{binaries} in \texttt{/usr/local/bin}.
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There is a problem concerning permissions under Linux/Glide. All
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programs accessing the accelerator board need root permissions.
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The solution is either to play as root or make the
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\texttt{/usr/local/bin/fgfs} binary \texttt{setuid root}, i.e.
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when this binary is run root privileges are given. Do this by
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issuing (as root)
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\texttt{chmod +s /usr/local/bin/fgfs}.
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\noindent
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A solution for this problem is upcoming, keep an eye on the 3Dfx
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website if you run a 3Dfx board.
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\end{enumerate}
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\section{Compiling\index{compiling!Windows 98/NT} under \Index{Windows 98/NT}}
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item Contrary to Linux which brings its own compiler Windows comes
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not equipped with developmental tools. Several compilers have been shown to work for
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compiling {\FlightGear}, including the \Index{Cygnus Win32 port of GNU C}++ and the
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\Index{MS Visual C5} compiler. Given that the project will be a free one we prefer the
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Cygnus Compiler as it provides a free development environment. However, we will be happy
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to include a proper description in case those who worked out how to compile with MSVC or
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other Compilers provide one to us.
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\item Install and configure the \Index{Cygnus} Gnu-Win32 development
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environment. The latest version is Beta 20. The main
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Cygnus Gnu-Win32 page is at:
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\web{http://www.cygnus.com/misc/gnu-win32/}.
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\noindent
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You can download the Cygnus Gnu-Win32 compiler from:
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\web{ftp://ftp.cygnus.com/pub/gnu-win32/latest/cdk.exe}.
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\noindent
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To install it, just run the file \texttt{cdk.exe} by double-clicking in
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Windows explorer. Be sure to read this package's README :
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\web{http://www.cygnus.com/misc/gnu-win32/readme\_toc.html}.
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\noindent
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Next, you need several UNIX developmental tools, being compiled for
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Windows 98/NT. These are bundled in the package \texttt{usertools}. Get it
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from
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\web{ftp://ftp.cygnus.com/pub/gnu-win32/latest/usertools.exe}
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\noindent
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and install it by double-clicking as well. After doing so you should
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find a program group called \texttt{Cygnus Solutions} in your start menu.
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\item Compiling \FlightGear requires you to install the \Index{EGCS}
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upgrade to the \Index{Cygnus} environment being available from:
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\href{http://www.xraylith.wisc.edu/~khan/software/gnu-win32/egcs.html}{http://www.xraylith.wisc.edu/\~{}khan/software/gnu-win32/egcs.html}
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\noindent
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Again, make sure you follow the directions. It is recommended that you unroll the
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\Index{EGCS} stuff over top of your Cygwin32 installation. It will replace many of
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the files.
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\item Open the Cygnus bash via its entry in the Start menu.
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Mount the drive as follows (assuming your \FlightGear drive is \texttt{d:}):
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\texttt{mkdir /mnt}\\
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\texttt{mount d: /mnt}
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\noindent
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You only have to do this once. The drive stays mounted (until you
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umount it) even through reboots and switching off the machine.
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\item Fetch the Flight Gear code and special \Index{Win32 libraries}. These
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can be found at:
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\web{http://www.flightgear.org/Downloads/Source}
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\noindent
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Grab the latest \texttt{FlightGear-X.XX.zip} and
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\texttt{win32-libs-X.XX.zip} files.
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\item Unpack the \FlightGear source code via
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\texttt{pkunzip -d FlightGear-X.XX.zip}.
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\noindent
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(Be sure to use the -d option. This will create all the needed
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subdirectories. Otherwise you will have one big mess!)
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\item Change to the newly created \texttt{FlightGear-X.XX directory} with e.\,g.
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\texttt{cd //D/FlightGear-X.XX}
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and unpack the Win32 libraries:
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\texttt{pkunzip -d win32-libs-X.XX.zip}.
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\item You will find a file called \texttt{install.exe} in the Win32
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directory after unzipping \texttt{win32-libs-X.XX.zip}. This
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version of \texttt{install.exe} should replace the one in your
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$\backslash$\texttt{H-i386-cygwin32$\backslash$bin} directory --
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it's sole claim to fame is that it understands that when many
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calls to it say \texttt{install foo} they mean \texttt{install
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foo.exe}. If you skip this step and attempt an install with the
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older version present \texttt{make install} will fail.
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Side Note: We need to make a distinction between the
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\texttt{\Index{build tree}} and the \texttt{\Index{install tree}}.
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The \texttt{build tree} is what we've been talking about up until
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this point. This is where the source code lives and all the
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compiling takes place. Once the executables are built, they need
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to be installed someplace. We shall call this install location
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the \texttt{install tree}. This is where the executables, the
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scenery, the textures, and any other run-time files will be
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located.
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\item Configure the make system for your environment and your
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\texttt{install tree}. Tell the configure script where you would like to install the
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\Index{binaries} and all the \Index{scenery} and \Index{textures} by using the
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\texttt{-$\!$-prefix} option. In the following example the base of the \texttt{install
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tree} is \texttt{FlightGear}. Make your you are within \FlightGear's root directory or
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change to it.
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\item Run:\index{configure}
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\texttt{./configure -$\!$-prefix=/mnt/FlightGear}.
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\noindent
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Side note: The make procedure is designed to link against opengl32.dll, glu32.dll, and
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glut32.dll which most accelerated boards require. If this does not apply to yours or if
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you installed SGI's \Index{software rendering} as mentioned in subsection \ref{softrend}
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you may have to change these to opengl.dll, glu.dll, and glut.dll. (In case you're in
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doubt check your \texttt{$\backslash$windows$\backslash$system} directory what you've
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got.)
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If this is the case for your \Index{video card}, you can edit
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\texttt{.../Simulator/Main/ Makefile} and rename these three libraries to
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their "non-32" counterparts. There is only one place in this
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\texttt{Makefile} where these files are listed.
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\item Build the executable. Run:
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\texttt{make}.
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\item Assuming you have installed the updated version of
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\texttt{install.exe} (see earlier instructions) you can now create
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and populate the install tree. Run:
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\texttt{make install}.
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You can save a significant amount of space by stripping all the
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debugging symbols off of the executable. To do this, change to the
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directory in the \texttt{install tree} where your binary lives and run:
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\texttt{strip fgfs.exe} resp. \texttt{strip fgfs-sgi.exe}.
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\end{enumerate}
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%% Revision 0.00 1998/09/08 michael
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%% Initial revision for version 0.53.
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%% employing redame.win32/readame.linux
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%% by c. olson , b. buckel
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%% Revision 0.01 1998/09/20 michael
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%% several extensions and corrections
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%% revision 0.10 1998/10/01 michael
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%% final proofreading for release
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%% revision 0.11 1998/11/01 michael
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%% deleted some obsolete stuff from the Linux section
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%% revision 0.12 1999/03/07 michael
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%% changed Windows to Cygnus b20
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