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flightgear/src/FDM/YASim/Surface.cpp
Henning Stahlke 21aef4da70 YASim: bugfix for wing section (wrong surface positions).
Reformated and extended output of CLI tool.
2017-12-29 08:16:32 +01:00

337 lines
9.9 KiB
C++

#include <Main/fg_props.hxx>
#include "yasim-common.hpp"
#include "Math.hpp"
#include "Surface.hpp"
namespace yasim {
int Surface::s_idGenerator = 0;
Surface::Surface(Version* version, float* pos, float dragCoefficient = 1 ) :
_version(version),
_c0(dragCoefficient)
{
_id = s_idGenerator++;
_orient[0] = 1; _orient[1] = 0; _orient[2] = 0;
_orient[3] = 0; _orient[4] = 1; _orient[5] = 0;
_orient[6] = 0; _orient[7] = 0; _orient[8] = 1;
Math::set3(pos, _pos);
_surfN = fgGetNode("/fdm/yasim/debug/surfaces", true);
if (_surfN != 0) {
_surfN = _surfN->getChild("surface", _id, true);
_fxN = _surfN->getNode("f-x", true);
_fyN = _surfN->getNode("f-y", true);
_fzN = _surfN->getNode("f-z", true);
_fabsN = _surfN->getNode("f-abs", true);
_alphaN = _surfN->getNode("alpha", true);
_stallAlphaN = _surfN->getNode("stall-alpha", true);
_flapN = _surfN->getNode("flap-pos", true);
_slatN = _surfN->getNode("slat-pos", true);
_spoilerN = _surfN->getNode("spoiler-pos", true);
_surfN->getNode("pos-x", true)->setFloatValue(pos[0]);
_surfN->getNode("pos-y", true)->setFloatValue(pos[1]);
_surfN->getNode("pos-z", true)->setFloatValue(pos[2]);
_surfN->getNode("chord",true)->setFloatValue(0);
_surfN->getNode("axis-x", true)->setFloatValue(0);
_surfN->getNode("axis-y", true)->setFloatValue(0);
_surfN->getNode("axis-z", true)->setFloatValue(0);
}
}
void Surface::setPosition(const float* pos)
{
Math::set3(pos, _pos);
if (_surfN != 0) {
_surfN->getNode("pos-x", true)->setFloatValue(pos[0]);
_surfN->getNode("pos-y", true)->setFloatValue(pos[1]);
_surfN->getNode("pos-z", true)->setFloatValue(pos[2]);
}
}
void Surface::setChord(float chord)
{
_chord = chord;
if (_surfN != 0) {
_surfN->getNode("chord",true)->setFloatValue(_chord);
}
}
void Surface::setOrientation(const float* o)
{
for(int i=0; i<9; i++) _orient[i] = o[i];
if (_surfN) {
// export the chord line (transformed into aircraft coordiantes)
float xaxis[3] {1,0,0};
Math::tmul33(_orient,xaxis, xaxis);
_surfN->getNode("axis-x", true)->setFloatValue(xaxis[0]);
_surfN->getNode("axis-y", true)->setFloatValue(xaxis[1]);
_surfN->getNode("axis-z", true)->setFloatValue(xaxis[2]);
}
}
void Surface::setSlatParams(float stallDelta, float dragPenalty)
{
_slatAlpha = stallDelta;
_slatDrag = dragPenalty;
}
void Surface::setFlapParams(float liftAdd, float dragPenalty)
{
_flapLift = liftAdd;
_flapDrag = dragPenalty;
}
void Surface::setSpoilerParams(float liftPenalty, float dragPenalty)
{
_spoilerLift = liftPenalty;
_spoilerDrag = dragPenalty;
}
void Surface::setFlapPos(float pos)
{
if (_flapPos != pos) {
_flapPos = pos;
if (_surfN != 0) {
_flapN->setFloatValue(pos);
}
}
}
void Surface::setSlatPos(float pos)
{
if (_slatPos != pos) {
_slatPos = pos;
if (_surfN != 0) {
_slatN->setFloatValue(pos);
}
}
}
void Surface::setSpoilerPos(float pos)
{
if (_spoilerPos != pos) {
_spoilerPos = pos;
if (_surfN != 0) _spoilerN->setFloatValue(pos);
}
}
// Calculate the aerodynamic force given a wind vector v (in the
// aircraft's "local" coordinates) and an air density rho. Returns a
// torque about the Y axis ("pitch"), too.
void Surface::calcForce(const float* v, const float rho, float* out, float* torque)
{
// initialize outputs to zero
Math::zero3(out);
Math::zero3(torque);
// Split v into magnitude and direction:
float vel = Math::mag3(v);
// Zero velocity means zero force by definition (also prevents div0).
if(vel == 0) {
return;
}
// special case this so the logic below doesn't produce a non-zero
// force; should probably have a "no force" flag instead...
if(_cx == 0. && _cy == 0. && _cz == 0.) {
return;
}
// Normalize wind and convert to the surface's coordinates
Math::mul3(1/vel, v, out);
Math::vmul33(_orient, out, out);
// "Rotate" by the incidence angle. Assume small angles, so we
// need to diddle only the Z component, X is relatively unchanged
// by small rotations. sin(a) ~ a, cos(a) ~ 1 for small a
float incidence = _incidence + _twist;
out[2] += incidence * out[0]; // z' = z + incidence * x
// Hold onto the local wind vector so we can multiply the induced
// drag at the end.
float lwind[3];
Math::set3(out, lwind);
// Diddle the Z force according to our configuration
float stallMul = stallFunc(out);
stallMul *= 1 + _spoilerPos * (_spoilerLift - 1);
float stallLift = (stallMul - 1) * _cz * out[2];
float flaplift = flapLift(out[2]);
out[2] *= _cz; // scaling factor
out[2] += _cz*_cz0; // zero-alpha lift
out[2] += stallLift;
out[2] += flaplift;
// Airfoil lift (pre-stall and zero-alpha) torques "up" (negative
// torque) around the Y axis, while flap lift pushes down. Both
// forces are considered to act at one third chord from the
// edge. Convert to local (i.e. airplane) coordiantes and store
// into "torque".
torque[0] = 0;
torque[1] = 0.1667f * _chord * (flaplift - (_cz*_cz0 + stallLift));
torque[2] = 0;
Math::tmul33(_orient, torque, torque);
// The X (drag) force gets diddled for control deflection
out[0] = controlDrag(out[2], _cx * out[0]);
// Add in any specific Y (side force) coefficient.
out[1] *= _cy;
// Diddle the induced drag
Math::mul3(-1*_inducedDrag*out[2]*lwind[2], lwind, lwind);
Math::add3(lwind, out, out);
// Reverse the incidence rotation to get back to surface
// coordinates. Since out[] is now the force vector and is
// roughly parallel with Z, the small-angle approximation
// must change its X component.
if( _version->isVersionOrNewer( Version::YASIM_VERSION_32 )) {
out[0] += incidence * out[2];
} else {
out[2] -= incidence * out[0];
}
// Convert back to external coordinates
Math::tmul33(_orient, out, out);
// Add in the units to make a real force:
float scale = 0.5f*rho*vel*vel*_c0;
Math::mul3(scale, out, out);
Math::mul3(scale, torque, torque);
// if we have a property tree, export info
if (_surfN != 0) {
_fabsN->setFloatValue(Math::mag3(out));
_fxN->setFloatValue(out[0]);
_fyN->setFloatValue(out[1]);
_fzN->setFloatValue(out[2]);
_alphaN->setFloatValue(_alpha);
_stallAlphaN->setFloatValue(_stallAlpha);
}
}
#if 0
void Surface::test()
{
static const float DEG2RAD = 0.0174532925199;
float v[3], force[3], torque[3];
float rho = Atmosphere::getStdDensity(0);
float spd = 30;
setFlapPos(0);
setSlatPos(0);
setSpoilerPos(0);
for(float angle = -90; angle<90; angle += 0.01) {
float rad = angle * DEG2RAD;
v[0] = spd * -Math::cos(rad);
v[1] = 0;
v[2] = spd * Math::sin(rad);
calcForce(v, rho, force, torque);
float lift = force[2] * Math::cos(rad) + force[0] * Math::sin(rad);
//__builtin_printf("%f %f\n", angle, lift);
__builtin_printf("%f %f\n", angle, torque[2]);
}
}
#endif
// Returns a multiplier for the "plain" force equations that
// approximates an airfoil's lift/stall curve.
float Surface::stallFunc(float* v)
{
// Sanity check to treat FPU psychopathology
if(v[0] == 0) return 1;
_alpha = Math::abs(v[2]/v[0]);
// Wacky use of indexing, see setStall*() methods.
int fwdBak = v[0] > 0; // set if this is "backward motion"
int posNeg = v[2] < 0; // set if the airflow is toward -z
int i = (fwdBak<<1) | posNeg;
_stallAlpha = _stalls[i];
if(_stallAlpha == 0)
return 1;
// consider slat position, moves the stall aoa some degrees
if(i == 0) {
if( _version->isVersionOrNewer( Version::YASIM_VERSION_32 )) {
_stallAlpha += _slatPos * _slatAlpha;
} else {
_stallAlpha += _slatAlpha;
}
}
// Beyond the stall
if(_alpha > _stallAlpha+_widths[i])
return 1;
// (note mask: we want to use the "positive" stall angle here)
float scale = 0.5f*_peaks[fwdBak]/_stalls[i&2];
// Before the stall
if(_alpha <= _stallAlpha)
return scale;
// Inside the stall. Compute a cubic interpolation between the
// pre-stall "scale" value and the post-stall unity.
float frac = (_alpha - _stallAlpha) / _widths[i];
frac = frac*frac*(3-2*frac);
return scale*(1-frac) + frac;
}
// Similar to the above -- interpolates out the flap lift past the
// stall alpha
float Surface::flapLift(float alpha)
{
float flapLift = _cz * _flapPos * (_flapLift-1) * _flapEffectiveness;
if(_stalls[0] == 0)
return 0;
if(alpha < 0) alpha = -alpha;
if(alpha < _stalls[0])
return flapLift;
else if(alpha > _stalls[0] + _widths[0])
return 0;
float frac = (alpha - _stalls[0]) / _widths[0];
frac = frac*frac*(3-2*frac);
return flapLift * (1-frac);
}
float Surface::controlDrag(float lift, float drag)
{
// Negative flap deflections don't affect drag until their lift
// multiplier exceeds the "camber" (cz0) of the surface. Use a
// synthesized "fp" number instead of the actual flap position.
float fp = _flapPos;
if(fp < 0) {
fp = -fp;
fp -= _cz0/(_flapLift-1);
if(fp < 0) fp = 0;
}
// Calculate an "effective" drag -- this is the drag that would
// have been produced by an unflapped surface at the same lift.
float flapDragAoA = (_flapLift - 1 - _cz0) * _stalls[0];
float fd = Math::abs(lift * flapDragAoA * fp);
if(drag < 0) fd = -fd;
drag += fd;
// Now multiply by the various control factors
drag *= 1 + fp * (_flapDrag - 1);
drag *= 1 + _spoilerPos * (_spoilerDrag - 1);
drag *= 1 + _slatPos * (_slatDrag - 1);
return drag;
}
}; // namespace yasim