// -*-C++-*-

#version 120
 
// Atmospheric scattering shader for flightgear
// Written by Lauri Peltonen (Zan)
// Implementation of O'Neil's algorithm
// Ground haze layer added by Thorsten Renk
// aurora and ice haze scattering Thorsten Renk 2016
 
varying vec3 rayleigh;
varying vec3 mie;
varying vec3 eye;
varying vec3 hazeColor;
varying vec3 viewVector;
varying float ct;
varying float cphi;
varying float delta_z;
varying float alt;
varying float earthShade;

 
uniform float overcast;
uniform float saturation;
uniform float visibility;
uniform float avisibility;
uniform float scattering;
uniform float terminator;
uniform float cloud_self_shading;
uniform float horizon_roughness;
uniform float ice_hex_col;
uniform float ice_hex_sheet;
uniform float parhelic;
uniform float aurora_strength;
uniform float aurora_hsize;
uniform float aurora_vsize;
uniform float aurora_ray_factor;
uniform float landing_light1_offset;
uniform float landing_light2_offset;
uniform float landing_light3_offset;
uniform float osg_SimulationTime;

uniform int use_searchlight;
uniform int use_landing_light;
uniform int use_alt_landing_light;

const float EarthRadius = 5800000.0;


float Noise2D(in vec2 coord, in float wavelength);
float fog_backscatter(in float avisibility);

vec3 searchlight();
vec3 landing_light(in float offset, in float offsetv);
vec3 filter_combined (in vec3 color) ;

float light_func (in float x, in float a, in float b, in float c, in float d, in float e)
{
x = x - 0.5;

// use the asymptotics to shorten computations
if (x > 30.0) {return e;}
if (x < -15.0) {return 0.0;}

return e / pow((1.0 + a * exp(-b * (x-c)) ),(1.0/d));
}

float miePhase(in float cosTheta, in float g)
{
  float g2 = g*g;
  float a = 1.5 * (1.0 - g2);
  float b = (2.0 + g2);
  float c = 1.0 + cosTheta*cosTheta;
  float d = pow(1.0 + g2 - 2.0 * g * cosTheta, 0.6667);
 
  return (a*c) / (b*d);
}
 
float rayleighPhase(in float cosTheta)
{
  //return 1.5 * (1.0 + cosTheta*cosTheta);
  return 1.5 * (2.0 + 0.5*cosTheta*cosTheta);
}
 

void main()
{


  vec3 shadedFogColor = vec3(0.55, 0.67, 0.88);
  float cosTheta = dot(normalize(eye), gl_LightSource[0].position.xyz);
 
  // some geometry

  vec3 nView =  normalize(viewVector);
  vec3 lightFull = normalize((gl_ModelViewMatrixInverse * gl_LightSource[0].position).xyz);
  float calpha = dot(lightFull, nView);
  float cbeta = dot ( normalize(lightFull.xy), normalize(nView.xy));
  float costheta = ct;

  // some noise

  float hNoise_03 = Noise2D(vec2(0.0,cphi), 0.3);
  float hNoiseAurora = Noise2D(vec2(0.001 * osg_SimulationTime,cphi + nView.x + nView.y), 0.07) * 0.2 * aurora_ray_factor;

  // position of the horizon line

  float lAltitude = alt + delta_z;
  float radiusEye = (EarthRadius + alt);
  float radiusLayer = (EarthRadius + lAltitude);
  float cthorizon;
  float ctterrain;
  //float ctsd;

  float SkydomeRadius = (EarthRadius + 100000.0);
  float rEye = (EarthRadius + alt);

  if (radiusEye > radiusLayer) cthorizon = -sqrt(radiusEye * radiusEye - radiusLayer * radiusLayer)/radiusEye;
  else cthorizon = sqrt(radiusLayer * radiusLayer - radiusEye * radiusEye)/radiusLayer;

  //if (rEye > SkydomeRadius) ctsd = -sqrt(rEye * rEye - SkydomeRadius * SkydomeRadius)/rEye;
  //else ctsd = 0.0;//sqrt(SkydomeRadius * SkydomeRadius - rEye * rEye)/SkydomeRadius;

  ctterrain = -sqrt(radiusEye * radiusEye - EarthRadius * EarthRadius)/radiusEye;

  vec3 color = rayleigh * rayleighPhase(cosTheta);
  color += mie * miePhase(cosTheta, -0.8);

  vec3 black = vec3(0.0,0.0,0.0);

  
  float ovc = overcast;


  float sat = 1.0 - ((1.0 - saturation) * 2.0);
  if (sat < 0.3) sat = 0.3;

  if (color.r > 0.58) color.r = 1.0 - exp(-1.5 * color.r);
  if (color.g > 0.58) color.g = 1.0 - exp(-1.5 * color.g);
  if (color.b > 0.58) color.b = 1.0 - exp(-1.5 * color.b);
  


// Aurora Borealis / Australis

  vec3 direction = vec3 (1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
  
  float hArg = dot(nView, direction);


  float aurora_v = smoothstep(0.2 - 0.6 * aurora_vsize * (1.0 - 0.8* aurora_ray_factor) , 0.2 , costheta +  hNoiseAurora) * (1.0- smoothstep(0.3, 0.3 + aurora_vsize, costheta + hNoiseAurora));
  aurora_v *= (1.0 + 5.0 * aurora_ray_factor * (1.0 -smoothstep(0.2 - 0.6 * aurora_vsize * (1.0 - 0.8* aurora_ray_factor), 0.3, costheta + hNoiseAurora)));

  float aurora_h = smoothstep(1.0 - aurora_hsize, 1.0, hArg);
  float aurora_time = 0.01 * osg_SimulationTime;  

  vec3 auroraBaseColor = vec3 (0.0, 0.2, 0.1);

  float aurora_ray = mix(1.0, Noise2D(vec2(cbeta, 0.01 * aurora_time), 0.001), aurora_ray_factor);

  float aurora_visible_strength = 0.3 + 0.7 * Noise2D(vec2(costheta + aurora_time, 0.5 * nView.x + 0.3 * nView.y + aurora_time), 0.1) ;
  aurora_visible_strength *= aurora_ray;
  float aurora_fade_in = 1.0 - smoothstep(0.1, 0.2, length(color.rgb));



  color.rgb += auroraBaseColor * aurora_v * aurora_h * aurora_fade_in * aurora_visible_strength * aurora_strength;

// fog computations for a ground haze layer, extending from zero to lAltitude

float transmission;
float vAltitude;
float delta_zv;



float vis = min(visibility, avisibility);


 if (delta_z > 0.0) // we're inside the layer
	{
  	if (costheta>0.0 + ctterrain) // looking up, view ray intersecting upper layer edge
		{
		transmission  = exp(-min((delta_z/max(costheta,0.1)),25000.0)/vis);
		//transmission = 1.0;
		vAltitude = min(vis * costheta, delta_z);
  		delta_zv = delta_z - vAltitude;
		}

	else // looking down, view range intersecting terrain (which may not be drawn)
		{
		transmission = exp(alt/vis/costheta);
		vAltitude = min(-vis * costheta, alt);
  		delta_zv = delta_z + vAltitude;
		}
	}
  else // we see the layer from above
	{	
	if (costheta < 0.0 + cthorizon) 
		{
		transmission = exp(-min(lAltitude/abs(costheta),25000.0)/vis);
		transmission = transmission * exp(-alt/avisibility/abs(costheta));
		transmission = 1.0 - (1.0 - transmission) * smoothstep(0+cthorizon, -0.02+cthorizon, costheta);
   		vAltitude = min(lAltitude, -vis * costheta);
		delta_zv = vAltitude; 
		}
	else
		{	
		transmission = 1.0;
		delta_zv = 0.0;
		}
	}

// combined intensity reduction by cloud shading and fog self-shading, corrected for Weber-Fechner perception law
float eqColorFactor = 1.0 - 0.1 * delta_zv/vis - (1.0 - min(scattering,cloud_self_shading));


// there's always residual intensity, we should never be driven to zero
if (eqColorFactor < 0.2) eqColorFactor = 0.2;


// postprocessing of haze color
vec3 hColor = hazeColor;


// high altitude desaturation
float intensity = length(hColor);
hColor = intensity * normalize (mix(hColor, intensity * vec3 (1.0,1.0,1.0), 0.7 * smoothstep(5000.0, 50000.0, alt)));

hColor = clamp(hColor,0.0,1.0);

// blue hue
hColor.x = 0.83 * hColor.x;
hColor.y = 0.9 * hColor.y;



// further blueshift when in shadow, either cloud shadow, or self-shadow or Earth shadow, dependent on indirect 
// light

float fade_out = max(0.65 - 0.3 *overcast, 0.45);
intensity = length(hColor);
vec3 oColor = hColor;
oColor = intensity * normalize(mix(oColor,  shadedFogColor, (smoothstep(0.1,1.0,ovc)))); 

// ice crystal halo 

float sun_altitude = dot (lightFull, vec3 (0.0, 0.0, 1.0));
float view_altitude = dot(nView, vec3 (0.0, 0.0, 1.0));

//float halo_ring_enhancement =  smoothstep (0.88, 0.927, calpha) * (1.0 - smoothstep(0.927, 0.98, calpha));
float halo_ring_enhancement =  smoothstep (0.88, 0.927, calpha) * (1.0 - smoothstep(0.927, 0.94, calpha));
halo_ring_enhancement *= halo_ring_enhancement;


// parhelic circle

float parhelic_circle_enhancement = 0.3 * smoothstep (sun_altitude-0.01, sun_altitude, view_altitude) * (1.0 - smoothstep(sun_altitude, sun_altitude+ 0.01, view_altitude));

parhelic_circle_enhancement += 0.8 * smoothstep (sun_altitude-0.08, sun_altitude, view_altitude) * (1.0 - smoothstep(sun_altitude, sun_altitude+ 0.08, view_altitude));

parhelic_circle_enhancement *= parhelic * (0.2 + 0.8 * smoothstep(0.5, 1.0, cbeta));

// sundogs

float side_sun_enhancement = smoothstep (sun_altitude-0.03, sun_altitude, view_altitude) * (1.0 - smoothstep(sun_altitude, sun_altitude+ 0.03, view_altitude));

side_sun_enhancement *= halo_ring_enhancement * halo_ring_enhancement * ice_hex_sheet;

// pillar 

float pillar_enhancement = smoothstep (sun_altitude-0.1, sun_altitude, view_altitude) * (1.0 - smoothstep(sun_altitude, sun_altitude+ 0.22, view_altitude));
float beta_thickness = 0.6 * smoothstep(0.999, 1.0, cbeta);
beta_thickness += 0.8 * smoothstep(0.99998, 1.0, cbeta);
pillar_enhancement *=  beta_thickness * beta_thickness  * smoothstep(0.99, 1.0, calpha) * ice_hex_col;



float scattering_enhancements = 0.25 * halo_ring_enhancement * ovc;
scattering_enhancements += side_sun_enhancement *0.4 * (1.0 - smoothstep(0.6, 0.95, transmission));
scattering_enhancements += pillar_enhancement  *0.25 * (1.0 - smoothstep(0.7, 1.0, transmission));
scattering_enhancements += parhelic_circle_enhancement * 0.2 * (1.0 - smoothstep(0.7, 1.0, transmission));


color.rgb += vec3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0) * (5.0-4.0* earthShade) *  scattering_enhancements   * hazeColor;

oColor = clamp(oColor,0.0,1.0);
color = ovc *  mix(color, oColor * earthShade ,smoothstep(-0.1+ctterrain, 0.0+ctterrain, ct)) + (1.0-ovc) * color; 


hColor = intensity * normalize(mix(hColor,  1.5 * shadedFogColor, 1.0 -smoothstep(0.25, fade_out,earthShade) ));
hColor = intensity * normalize(mix(hColor,  shadedFogColor, (1.0 - smoothstep(0.5,0.9,eqColorFactor)))); 
hColor = hColor * earthShade;

// accounting for overcast and saturation 



color = sat * color + (1.0 - sat) * mix(color, black, smoothstep(0.4+cthorizon,0.2+cthorizon,ct));


// the terrain below the horizon gets drawn in one optical thickness
vec3 terrainHazeColor = eqColorFactor * hColor;	

// determine a visibility-dependent angle for how smoothly the haze blends over the skydome

float hazeBlendAngle = max(0.01,1000.0/avisibility + 0.3 * (1.0 - smoothstep(5000.0, 30000.0, avisibility)));
float altFactor = smoothstep(-300.0, 0.0, delta_z);
float altFactor2 =  0.2 + 0.8 * smoothstep(-3000.0, 0.0, delta_z);
hazeBlendAngle = hazeBlendAngle + 0.1 * altFactor;
hazeBlendAngle = hazeBlendAngle +  (1.0-horizon_roughness) * altFactor2 * 0.1 *  hNoise_03;

terrainHazeColor = clamp(terrainHazeColor,0.0,1.0);


// don't let the light fade out too rapidly
float lightArg = (terminator + 200000.0)/100000.0;
float minLightIntensity = min(0.2,0.16 * lightArg + 0.5);
vec3 minLight = minLightIntensity * vec3 (0.2, 0.3, 0.4);

// this is for the bare Rayleigh and Mie sky, highly altitude dependent
color.rgb = max(color.rgb, minLight.rgb * (1.0- min(alt/100000.0,1.0)) * (1.0 - costheta));

// this is for the terrain drawn
terrainHazeColor = max(terrainHazeColor.rgb, minLight.rgb);

color = mix(color, terrainHazeColor ,smoothstep(hazeBlendAngle + ctterrain, 0.0+ctterrain, ct));


// add the brightening of fog by lights

    vec3 secondary_light = vec3 (0.0,0.0,0.0);

    if (use_searchlight == 1)
	{
	secondary_light.rgb += searchlight();
	}
    if (use_landing_light == 1)
	{
	secondary_light += landing_light(landing_light1_offset, landing_light3_offset);
	}
    if (use_alt_landing_light == 1)
	{
	secondary_light += landing_light(landing_light2_offset, landing_light3_offset);
	}




// mix fog the skydome with the right amount of haze

hColor *= eqColorFactor;
hColor = max(hColor.rgb, minLight.rgb);

hColor = clamp(hColor,0.0,1.0);

color = mix(hColor+secondary_light * fog_backscatter(avisibility),color, transmission);

// blur the upper skydome edge when we're outside the atmosphere

float asf = smoothstep (75000.0, 90000.0, alt);

float asf_corr = clamp((alt-115000.0)/45000.0, 0.0,1.0) * 0.08;


color *= (1.0 - smoothstep( -0.12 -asf_corr, -0.06 - asf_corr, costheta) * asf);
color = filter_combined(color);




  gl_FragColor = vec4(color, 1.0);
  gl_FragDepth = 0.1;


}